The original road bridge on this site was destroyed during flooding in 1968. [36], The River Mole has the most diverse fish population of any river in England. [73] Remains of a flat-bottomed dug-out canoe were found at the confluence of the Mole and Thames in 1877 by a local boatman. In World War II, in a daring daylight raid on 4th September 1940, German bombers successfully attacked the important Vickers aircraft factory at Brooklands killing nearly 90 people. The present Anglican church of St. Peter was built by Mr. J. L. Pearson, R.A., in 1887 on a site was given by Lieut. It has in 2008 been recorded in tributaries of the River Mole at Capel and Brockham. This is the ultimate river walk - you'll feel like you're floating on water as you make your way down this narrow slice of walkway situated in the middle of the Niagara River's famous vibrant waters. Up to date as of 3:29pm on 27 February 2023. [13] [3] The Gatwick Stream is dominated by coarse fish such as brown trout, brook lamprey, and eel. [2], During the second half of the 20th century pollution levels in the river were high; however, since 1995 the water quality has improved dramatically and the Mole now boasts the greatest diversity of fish species of any river in England. During the following year (1664), an act was passed by both Houses of Parliament to make the River Mole navigable from Reigate to the River Thames, but was never executed. Designed by Anthony Fletcher and fitted with an ABC Scorpion aero engine, this was test flown from nearby Brooklands and had could have been built in quantity but became a victim of the economic depression of 1929-32. It was used for fulling woollen cloth and milling corn. Look out for. Mole (Horley to Hersham) is a river in Surrey. Location. 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[6] The catchment area receives 761mm (30.0in) of rain each year; the greatest average level of rainfall is 800mm (31.5in) around Crawley. [85] The river may be paddled all year by canoe between Brockham and Fetcham with an appropriate licence from the British Canoe Union. The Ember flood relief channel has a diverse fish population, including chub, dace, roach, bleak, large pike and barbel. Instead of merely (for vestry and property owning matters such as poor relief, road maintenance, manorial ownership, land tax and tithes) being the southern hamlet of Walton, Hersham became an ecclesiastical parish in 1851. stream Mole (Horley to Hersham) is 60.133 km long It was restored to full working order by the Cobham Mill Preservation Trust, and is now open to the public from 2pm to 5pm on the second Sunday of each month (between April and October). A flood warning means flooding to some property is expected. [29], In 1972 a sub-debate on the future cleanliness of the Mole was had by the House of Lords, involving a member of the South-East Strategic Committee of the Thames Conservancy (succeeded by the Environment Agency) and four others. Until the Dissolution of the Monasteries it was owned by Chertsey Abbey. The Mummy was filmed in Hersham. There's also a correlation between the . [note 2], From Sidlow the Mole turns north west towards Brockham. At Cobham the river swings round in a pronounced axehead meander skirting Painshill Landscape Garden, where a 11-metre (35ft) diameter waterwheel raises water 5 metres (16ft) from the river to feed the ornamental lake in the park. The Mole descends 15m[49ft] in the 10km[6mi] stretch between Brockham and Leatherhead, compared to 3m[9.8ft] in 19km[12mi] between Horley and Brockham. [21], At Leatherhead, the Mole leaves the chalk and turns northwestwards to flow across impermeable London Clay, winding towards Cobham. [4] It is of brick and stone in 13th-century style, has a nave and aisles, five arcades, chancel, transepts, and a western tower and spire. %PDF-1.3 It was used to process corn, brass wire, iron, paper, linoleum, and books. [8] In John Speed's 1611 map of Surrey this stretch of the river is denoted by a series of hills accompanied by the legend "The river runneth under". In this manner it goes away, lessening the stream for above a mile, near two, and these they call the Swallows. In 1579 Queen Elizabeth granted to Thomas Vincent "the manor, site, and demesne lands of Morehall, and the wood called Sylkesmore coppice". In 1929 an aeroplane designed by Anthony Fletcher was constructed in the village by ABC Motors. In the nucleus of the village is Hersham Green, 3.4 acres (1.4ha) of open space on which regular events take place throughout the year. [1] The river gives its name to the Surrey district of Mole Valley. When Henry VIII built Nonsuch Palace in Cheam as many as eighty loads of timber were obtained from Southwood, or the South Woods, for it. Crayfish are common in areas associated with high alkalinity, particularly around Brockham, and the tributaries which run over the Weald Clay provide an excellent habitat for stoneflies, caddisflies, fast swimming mayflies and riffle beetles. Colonel Sir William Heaton Horrocks, KCMG, CB, was buried in St Peter's Churchyard in 1941, as was his late wife, Lady Minna Horrocks in 1921. The river flows initially southwards for 1 km (0.6 mi) to a small lake at Baldhorns Park, before running eastwards through a largely rural area towards Crawley. The Heath is an area of rough scrubland and, despite its name, is a reclaimed landfill site hence its large but artificial mound and small plateau. However the river's name is unlikely to have derived from this behaviour: The Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names suggests that Mole either comes from the Latin mola (a mill) or is a back-formation from Molesey (Mul's island). Within Hersham is the mixed, secondary Three Rivers Academy. xmqV$@$"HQmJy'T\bU`l)qJYk[{BR&5~xr><97o?oyo?iQ/Og~wo;>OaO=_|o|o?|M~.toI%8mx?u?oV^0 zqO~~6s?;SS|sW\}N2omlc]GCxvWPwN`Tim'Ba~Vr:? [42], A nationally scarce species which is locally common on the River Mole is the greater dodder (Cuscuta europaea), a parasitic plant. [64], The river is first recorded in the Red Book of Thorney in AD 983 as Emen and in the AD 1005 Cartulary of the Abbey of Eynsham as both Emen and men. The bedrock is permeable chalk and the water table lies permanently below the level of the riverbed, allowing water to drain out of the river through swallow holes in the bed and banks. The bridge has a 15m (49ft) span with mass concrete abutments and a pre-stressed concrete deck. The path leads to the Mole near a concrete bridge. [53] Most holes were difficult to observe in times of normal or heavy flow and were susceptible to silting up as new holes were continually being formed. This area of the County has a wealth of natural, recreational and scenic . Always check you can fish lawfully before starting. Opened as part of the A3 Esher Bypass in December 1976. Hersham is also home to Britain's largest colony of parakeets near Esher Rugby Club. Within a few minutes walk of this suburban-urban bulk of Hersham in the east are green fields and meadows alongside the River Mole and footpaths by fields used for mixed farming. [6], The river has captured the imagination of several authors and poets,[7] particularly since in very hot summers the river channel can become dry between Dorking and Leatherhead, most recently in 2022. It was used to produce gunpowder from the time of the Commonwealth until about 1780. That this could have been constructed at all indicates a fairly large population in the district, a chieftain of some sort, organised labour and a desperate perhaps recurring danger. The walk begins beside the Prince of Wales Pond, grid ref 129639, postcode Glacial meltwater from the Anglian ice sheet caused the Thames to divert southwards and flood the valley of the MoleWey river, thus adopting its present route through London. Two golf courses are within its bounds, Burhill Golf Club and Hersham Village Golf Club; considerable other land is wooded, used for mixed farming or Esher Rugby Club,[n 1] much of which is Metropolitan Green Belt. It was occupied by pre-historic folk whose flint instruments have been found in large numbers beside the River on Southwood Manor Farm (Burhill Road KT12 4BJ) These date mostly from the mesolithic period. Pages on this website do NOT confer a right to fish, nor to fish in a certain way. As part of the development of Hersham a new shopping centre was built in the early 1980s with a large supermarket (30k sq feet ) now occupied by Waitrose, although the whole complex is currently under consideration for major redevelopment by the owners. This page was last edited on 12 February 2023, at 07:13. [17] The mean flow measured at Horley gauging station (52m[171ft] above OD) is 1.40m3/s (49cuft/s). The original viaduct was washed away by floods on 15 September 1968. [94] The bridge was constructed in 1867 and, at the insistence of Thomas Grissell the landowner, was given lavish architectural treatment. GHQ Line B ran along the North Downs from Farnham and Guildford, crossing the Mole Gap to the north of Dorking and following the river to Horley. [18] The river leaves the Weald Clay at Brockham, passing Betchworth Castle [19] and flowing briefly across greensand and Gault Clay to Pixham, 1km (0.6mi) north east of Dorking. Emergency services conducted a search at the scene but were unable to locate anything. Mesolithic sites at Wonham, Flanchford and Sidlow. [61], At Leatherhead the river leaves the chalk bedrock, moving onto London Clay. [1], The geographical distribution of many species of invertebrate in the river reflects the geology of the catchment area. Known as depot 'W15', this site supplied essential sheet metal parts parts for Vickers Wellington and Vickers Warwick aircraft manufactured at Brooklands. The woodland, river and ponds are attractive at any time of the year. However this proved to be impractical and they were instead covered by concrete domes, up to 18 m in diameter, each fully supported by the surrounding chalk and provided with a manhole and access shaft to allow periodic inspection.
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