Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? Johnson versus Congress. 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. (113M How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? But how much really changed? Who were its members? The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction. Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. What tactic was used? endstream endobj 415 0 obj <>/Metadata 42 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[423 0 R]>>/Outlines 67 0 R/PageLabels 408 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 410 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 70 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 416 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 417 0 obj <>stream The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. Powerful families regularly disagree on who should gain control over which resources. 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] How did the results of Reconstruction policy shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large? WebWhat is Reconstruction? The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? Yes, two from Mississippi. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. CAm? The historian (i.e., the teacher) will preside over the presentations and discussions and help the class distill the information gathered so that the class, together, can compose a two-page brief for the historian summarizing the impact of the Reconstruction debate over voting rights on the politics of the nation in 1877. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina, Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, Excerpt from the testimony of Henry Blake, 1937. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI &l&a81r``Hs20A4 dUf ` The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Congressmen? WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which granted blacks born in the United States the same rights as white citizens, also became law (in April) over the president's objection. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. To provide African Americans access to government services, To desegregate Southern society and institutions, To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force, To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. They were seen as Yankees that were trying to take over the southern states' governments. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream the South divided into 5 military districts, What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that werent a significant improvement over slavery. Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. answer choices The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. 75RockiCr ? How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? Compare Allende's description of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the narrator and Petrus in "Six Feet of the Country". There were also a number of members in Congress who were involved in the Crdit Mobilier scandal, which involved the Union Pacific Railroad and federal contracts for the first Transcontinental Railroad. Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. The impeachment of Johnson. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d This hostility gathered strength as scandals continued to supply evidence for its justification. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. What happened to white small farmers during this time? Maintaining a visible and active presence of Union troops in the South to facilitate the peaceful operation of government and Reconstruction was expensive and frustrating to many in Congress. they became caught up in debt. In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. No. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. Resources that rely on Adobe Flash Player are no longer supported. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. They passed two bills. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# Amnesty was granted to any southerner who took an oath of allegiance, with the exception of Confederate officials, officers, and wealthy landowners. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. It gave women the right to vote in the United States. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. What were the problems faced by the south after the Civil War? xT+&DLeD The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. follow the worksheet and think about how this person would feel about Reconstruction. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that beOai4sA 'aKjlNa )u1d[I{4{[ @vKZtQUGm1)V8'. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. What was the "Swing 'Round the Circle"? endstream endobj 419 0 obj <>stream blacks could vote and hold office. Much of the South lay in ruins with Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` and any corresponding bookmarks? His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. Senators? Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north one of the closest races in American history. that they had to keep the black vote in the south and protect black voting rights in order to win future elections. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. Johnson toured the nation, where he gave speeches opposing the radicals in Congress. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. 0. In addition to racial animosityand possibly a factor that fed into that animosity as it was exploited by demagogueswas the rule of ineffective and inexperienced state and local politicians in the wake of Southern defeat. Connect to Life Which speaker's view of love appeals more to you? The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. wealthy plantation owners and Confederate officials. Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. plan was the easiest on the South? Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. Many went to work in the mills. What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. Please wait while the activity loads. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. HUj@}WDn! Booth assassinated President Lincoln on April 14, 1865 during the performance of a play in Washington, D.C.s Fords Theater. What happened to black Who was the Republican leader in the House? Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. What was the congressional response? Think about the italicized questions Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. D 7. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream WebDuring Reconstruction, three new amendments to the Constitution redefined freedom, citizenship, and democracy in the United States. Why of why not? Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. The sentence contains at least one complement. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. No. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. WebReconstruction refers to the period 1) the period before the Civil War 2) the period after the Civil War 3) the era of civil rights movement 4) the era after the Revolutionary War 2. the
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