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Had his reason been cowardice, though still wrong, it would have been . of He praised God, ending with the eerily prophetic statement, " Salvation comes from the Lord." (Jonah 2:9, NIV ) Jonah was in the giant fish three days. V. The casting of him into the sea, for the stilling of the storm (v. 11-16). You know where Tarshish was? Pinterest. Jonah and the Whale Bible Story Study Guide. God calls Jonah to preach against Nineveh, the greatest city of the mighty Assyrian empire . Salem Media Group. 'formHash':'z14vc2fm0wysuzy', The second century B.C. The miraculous preservation of his life there in the belly of a fish (v. 17), which was his reservation for further services. Jonah thought he knew better than God. Whales. God loves all people. God called to Jonah one day and told him to go preach to Nineveh because the people were very wicked. Absolutely no personal details about the prophet are given in the Book of Jonah at all. But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given it but the sign of Jonah the prophet: for as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the whale; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Nancy: But Mr. Dean said that even if a whale could have swallowed Jonah, there are no whales in the Mediterranean Sea, and that is where Jonah was swallowed. Matthew 12:40 "For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.". Jul 18, 2013 - Play the Jonah and the Whale youth group games with kids pre-school through teen. He does not want to go to Nineveh to preach and sway the people to repent. Out of the eater comes forth meat; for Jonah was alive and well in the belly of the fish three days and three nights, not consumed by the heat of the animal, nor suffocated for want of air. The story of Jonah and the whale is about a Hebrew prophet named Jonah, who God commands to travel to the great city of Nineveh to preach repentance to its inhabitants because of their wickedness. Circa 1650. Joppa was a sea port along the coast of Judah, one of the areas belonging to the twelve tribes of Israel. Jonah and the Whale. Your email address will not be published. Paste the top piece of the whale on a paper cup, then the bottom piece (see picture below). He was the most famous foreign missionary in the Old Testament, who once attempted to run from God (Jonah 1:1-3), was then swallowed by a great sea With these 60 interesting facts about whales, we will learn more about . hmm.firmament.Ive wonderedbut its supposed to go along with Pangaea and an overall global stable climate from real long ago..jonah, well, . He went down to the seaport of Joppa and booked passage on a ship to Tarshish, heading directly away from Nineveh. In response, God sent a violent storm, which threatened to break the ship to pieces. In the midst of judgment God remembers mercy. The author greatly exaggerated the citys size in claiming it would take 3 days to cross it on foot (, There is no historical record that Nineveh experienced a mass revival or conversion. Whales can hold their breath for about 20 minutes. Great story! Shortly before sunset, the now dead whale floated to the surface a few hundred yards from the ship. While modern skeptics may find it impossible that a man could survive inside a great fish for three days, Jesus compared himself to Jonah, showing that this. Fleeing his task, Jonah hopped aboard a commercial vessel bound for Tarshish, in the west (Jon. Jonah. The ocean is part whale pee. Jonah got swallowed by a whale." The teacher says, "That's just a story from the Bible. The terrified crew cast lots, determining that Jonah was responsible for the storm. God commanded the whale, and it vomited the reluctant prophet onto dry land. Together we made the kit and shaped it into a whale shape. Yarns of a sailor surviving Jonah-like in a whale have been widely repeated in recent centuries, but no account has ever been authenticated. Jonah was in the giant fish three days. While in the belly of the big fish (whale), Jonah prayed to God for help, repented, and praised God. The Bible states that a great sea monster swallowed the prophet Jonah but did not devour him. Jonah was no-more swallowed by a whale than Adam and Eve ate an apple. For You cast me into the deep, Into the heart of the seas, And the floods surrounded me; All Your billows and Your waves passed over me. This is the same term Jesus uses to recount what happened to Jonah and relate it to Himself in Matthew 12:40. Jonah came from the village of Gath Hepher, which was located about three miles north of Nazareth in lower Galilee. Jonah: Navigating a Life Interrupted (Bible Study Book) Paperback January 1, 2010, The Prodigal Prophet: Jonah and the Mystery of God's Mercy Hardcover October 2, 2018, Jonah (Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible) Paperback December 5, 2017, Obadiah, Jonah and Micah (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries) Paperback October 19, 2009, 30 Inspirational Vinyl Quotes for Your Wall. Jonah initially disobeys God's command to go to the wicked city of . Growing faint in the sun, Jonah complained again. Simply fill in the blanks. The plot centers on a conflict between Jonah and God and conveys a message of salvation not only for the chosen people of Israel but also Israel's enemies. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Instead, God teaches him a lesson. When a whale is found dead, it is buried on land, and in some cases, a shrine may be resurrected at the whale's burial. The lesson that God loves us while we are living in rebellion is of great hope to our nation today. He was alive, but unconscious. Animal Flesh Eater Arrested: Felony Charges Serious Injury To 3 Month Old! When Jonah stopped outside the city to rest, God provided a vine to shelter him from the hot sun. We examine the context of the incidents around Jonahas as documented in various sources, the background to the city of Nineveh in Mesopotamia where he was sent, and to analyse the moral message . (NKJV text). Jonah buys passage aboard a ship sailing to Tarshish. Therefore, jonah teaches people that even if one has gone beyond redemption, one can still be forgiven. Instead of listening to Jonahs request to die, God causes a tree to grow over the prophet. So whered all the water go? At Jonah 1:17, it says: " And Jehovah prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah .". Greg Laurie, Jonah: The Rebel God Used s.src = ('https:' == d.location.protocol ? Therefore, this article will delve into some interesting facts about Jonah and how his story is important in the bible. This time Jonah obeyed God. Jacob, Jonah, and John aren't getting along very well in Heaven, and one day God gets tired of it and kicks them out. However, most importantly, the Bible says that "the Lord had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah" ( Jonah 1:17 ). Prophet Jonah- Wikimedia. Not only was Nineveh known for its wickedness, but it was also the capital of the Assyrian empire, one of Israel's fiercest enemies. When God did so, Jonah was very grateful but he became angry the next day after God sent him a worm to eat with a plant. God never gives up pursuing. Sometimes a clear stance is taken by the study Bible or professor on which theory is of sound doctrine and which isnt, while other times it will just be said that the clear answer is unknown or is debated. Today, the village is known as Mash Had. stream Two 'dens' are picked (opposite each other) and the rest of the children are split between them. s.onload = s.onreadystatechange = function() { Jonah was the son of Amittai, and he is a prophet who lived in Israel in the 8th century B.C., which is where he appears on the Bible Timeline Chart. Unpopular Ancient Roman Emperor Nero Part 1, Weird Weather Occurrences 1: Ice, Water, and Fire, Genetically Engineered She Goat From Human Cells. Then an ominous slacking in the line signaled the monster was going to surface. Jonah was swallowed by the whale and spent three days and three nights in the deep. God sent a big fish, some call it a whale, to swallow Jonah and to save him from drowning. I want you guys to do something amazing. 10. Because Jonah obeyed God and took the message to Nineveh, it continued for a few more generations. Hi Jason, sorry for my long delay in responding. One of the children is picked to be the whale and he/she stands in the middle of the floor. As the Book of Jonah opens, the first thing God says to Jonah is (1:2) "Go at once to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim judgment upon it, for their wickedness has come before Me." Learn Religions. an error, click through He died eighteen years after his remarkable survival and terrifying adventure. & This Tyndale commentary of the Old Testament books of Obadiah, Jonah, and Micah considers the themes, issues, and basis of the books, as well as their historical settings, structure, and composition. In short, Jonah could not have been any more disobedient if he tried - and he did! Another craft idea for the story of Jonah is to have kids made their own Jonah and the whale puzzle. When God caused a great storm to engulf the ship, and the sailors were doing everything they could to save the ship, Jonah was fast asleep, down in the lower decks. He was then spit out. Nineveh was a world empire for about 300 years. Instead of drowning, Jonah was swallowed by a great fish, which God provided. It is one of 'Trei Asar' (The Twelve) prophets in the tanakh, and in Christian tradition as 'oi dodeka prophetai' or 'ton dodekapropheton' , Greek for "The twelve prophets." It is an important book to both religious traditions (Christianity and Jewish) because of its message of doom upon Israel's long-time enemy . His story of Jonah and the whale is the story that was told to the kids in Sunday school and thus made it popular among the Christians. He chooses to instead, board a ship heading for Tarshish, which is traveling in the opposite direction. He paid his fare and went into the bottom of the ship. A deadly race began between the Star of the East and the immense whale. Pour water into a bowl. ~ Deuteronomy 18:9. Jonahs life, after all, is saved by a miracle, and we shall hear of him again for all this. According to Matthew, Jonah is the only prophet that Jesus likened to Himself. Labels for the sperm whale diagram are eye, head, tail fluke, blowhole, skin, flipper, and teeth. Samaria will be held guilty, Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/jonah-and-the-whale-700202. The great white shark is plenty large enough to swallow a person whole. Though he flees from the presence of the Lord, and seems to fall into his avenging hands, yet God has more work for him to do, and therefore has prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah (v. 17),a whale our Saviour calls it (Mt. The story of being swallowed by a great fish is too far-fetched to be believable. His name means "dove". He begs God to kill him, which He does not. Jonah, a stubborn fellow, did just the opposite of what he was told. Some look to Jesus reference to Jonah in Matthew 12:39-41 to be an open and shut case that the book Jonah was historical. http://www.atacrossroads.net/fact-or-fiction-four-ways-to-view-old-testament. Warren Wiersbe, Darrell Bock & David Chadwick, Destination: Jonah 1-4 Flight 41A "Out of the belly of Sheol I cried, And You heard my voice. Jonah was the son of Amittai, who came from Gath-hepher in Zebulun (called Gittah-hepher in Joshua 19:10-13 ). - Crosswalk the Devotional 2:1 Then Jonah prayed to the Lord his God from the stomach of the fish, 2 and he said, "I called out of my distress to the Lord, And He answered me. The next day, God sent a worm to eat the vine. Cut a piece of string about 18 inches long. Below are 15 fun facts about whales that illustrate how these creatures are a wonder of nature. 1. Who? Massive Marine Mammals. Joppa was a sea port along the coast of Judah, one of the areas belonging to the twelve tribes of Israel. Jonah was called on a mission very similar to that of other prophets: he was to cry repentance to a people ripening in iniquity. I wrote this Jonah post about 5 years ago, so Im having to jog my brain a little bit and re-read it. One scholar explains, "The Hebrew text of Jonah 2:1 actually reads dag gadol, or 'great fish,' rather than a technical term for 'whale.' But since Hebrew possessed no special word for 'whale,' and since no true fishas opposed to a marine mammalis known to possess a stomach as capacious as a whale's, it is reasonable to adhere to the traditional interpretation at this . While there is a slight possibility that Jonah penned an autobiography, it appears to be more likely that it was written by a third party. The idea that what makes us sick is something we can not perceive, ourselves, is tailor-made for a Buy on Amazon Kindle/E-book also available Romans of Mass Destruction How the Vatican created and enabled some of history's most monstrous serial killers. Keto (Ancient Greek: , Kt, sea monster) Latinized as Ceto is a primordial sea goddess in Greek mythology, the daughter of Gaia and Pontus. If we take this literally (and we should) this was probably a rather unpleasant experience. Assyrians couldve seen this as a cooperative effort with their god or, given Jonahs dedication to the God who so terrified his sailing companions, proof of YHWHs Supremacy. When God called Jonah to go and warn the violent and . It is likely that Jonah told the story to his family and friends over the years, and eventually someone decided to write it down so it would not be lost. II. Noah is the founding pastor of Mosaic Church, a multi-ethnic church in urban Grand Rapids, MI. . The captain shook him awake and told Jonah to call on his God, as the others in the ship had all called upon theirs. While most of the prophets were primarily dealing with the Israelites, Jonah is a notable exception. God sent a storm to rock the boat and the sailors were distressed. 4, 2021, learnreligions.com/jonah-and-the-whale-700202. ), king of Israel (cf. Of course we could still believe that Jonah was indeed swallowed by a whale, but seeing the original message makes you wonder about the entire story and its message. They toss him overboard, and he is swallowed by a giant fish (the whale). The captain called the ships doctor who made an incision in the tough flesh. Jonah's response to the captain is not stated, but he came up on deck. {]);\?6/hR~7q`kqN?d:EqZ8*{oiLzt-nCO(Y |Mm`jGg+t{w/z|*O~ t?hm The city was comprised of around 120,000 people. It is difficult to prove which Old Testament text is original when 2 books contain similar wording. Ron: It's true that whales are rare in the Mediterranean, but whale skeletons have been found there. (Jonah 1:6). The point of the story is that God can provide a supernatural means of rescue when his people are in trouble. The blue whale is the largest creature on the planet. Have You Noticed the Increasing Trend of Using the Word Illuminati to Promote Products as Being Elite? Encourage parents to post on the refrigerator to celebrate their child's accomplishment and serve as a discussion starter. ~ Ceto, Wikipedia. Warren Wiersbe, Darrell Bock & David Chadwick, Compiled & Edited by BibleStudyTools Staff, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). Whether you want to learn the history of a city, or you simply need a recommendation for your next meal, Discover Walks Team offers an ever-growing travel encyclopaedia. The little girl says, "You're wrong. Most prophets in biblical history only had a few converts who listened and believed in what they were sent to say. Tarshish was located on the far side of the Mediterranean sea. Jonah is indeed a very interesting book in the Bible. At first, Jonah is grateful, but then he is angry the next day when God sends a worm to eat the plant. Thank you for your time and attention. ~ Hosea 13:16. The story of Jonah is full of many lessons that can be learned from the life of Jonah before, during, and after he takes the message of God to Nineveh. Without warning there was a splintering crash which sent the longboat spinning into the air. For she has rebelled against her God. The Prophet Jonah , 12th century. And out slid the doubled up missing sailor, James Bartley, as if he were suffering from severe stomach cramps. According to Matthew, Jonah is the only prophet that Jesus likened to Himself. The lot fell on Jonah (Jonah 1:7), and the sailors asked him what they should do, since it was Jonah's God who was angry, and perhaps Jonah knew why. Jonah 1:1 "Now the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the son of Amittai". The book presents pagans as ready to repent and portrays the Israelite prophet as disobedient, angry, and vengeful. Jonah and the Fish/Whale. The story of Jonah. In this article, you will learn more about Jonah and how his story is significant in the Bible. Explore. Am I going to hell if I don't believe Jonah was eaten by a fish? God is in control. 5 When God caused a great storm to engulf the ship, and the sailors were doing everything they could to save the ship, Jonah was fast asleep, down in the lower decks. ASV. This very prophet is where modern English gets the expression 'a Jonah' from: it means the particular person who has brought bad luck, or a curse, into the group. What personal detail of Jonah's life does the Book of Jonah reveal about its protagonist? They threw out cargo to lighten the ship in hopes it would continue to float, but finally determined that it was likely someone on board that was causing the problem. If you wish to join them, you must be like themwilling to do the worst things imaginable to the most innocent lives possible. Using the puzzle page from the Jonah and the whale craft printable (free Jonah template pack), have your kids draw the scene then cut the pieces out. But where? I especially read this from your defense of Jesus, claiming he could have been speaking to Jonah as factual, but not REALLY speaking to it as factual. That's more than 330,000 pounds (150,000 kg). Found in the collection of the Saint Mark's Basilica, Venice. The book of Jonah is the fifth book in the Christian canons and the Jewish Tanakh. Jonah tried to run away from God in the opposite direction of Nineveh and headed by boat to Tarshish. Colin Smith, God In Pursuit, Part 1 God scolded Jonah for being concerned about a vine, but not about Nineveh, which had 120,000 lost people. I cut the whale out and glued it onto thick poster board paper. Nineveh, the city to which he was sent, was a Gentile city. Connecting the reality of the gospel with the grit of life. Late that night, working by lantern-light, the tired crewmen removed the stomach of the whale and slowly winched it to the deck for flensing. They were precautions given by God before entering the Promised Land. As soon as they tossed Jonah in the water, the storm stopped. Our response to questions like these are very important because the credibility of the entire Bible is at stake. The doctor ordered Bartley drenched with sea water, a treatment which restored his consciousness but not his reason, for he babbled incoherently. The story of Jonahas is narrated amongst billions of followers of the Abrahamic faiths, namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Maybe "based on a true story" maybe based on reality. As the stricken beast sought to free itself of the harpoon, Bartley and the other oarsmen rowed frantically to get out of reach of the massive flukes, the two-pronged tail which threshed the water to foam in the whales agony. Discover Walks contributors speak from all corners of the world - from Prague to Bangkok, Barcelona to Nairobi. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Get every new post delivered to your Inbox. This fish was prepared, lay ready underwater close by the ship, that he might keep Jonah from sinking to the bottom, and save him alive, though he deserved to die. The pursuit and arrest of him for that disobedience by a storm, in which he was asleep (v. 4-6). Confined to a cabin for several weeks and bound so he could not injure himself in his wild flounderings, Bartley gradually regained his senses. Proud member Print off as many copies as you need year after year. Try our 7 Day free Trial: http://sharefaithkids.comDownload the full Jonah Sunday School lesson: http://www.sharefaith.com/set/jonah-and-the-whale-childrens-. The hot weather climate made it imperative that the whale be cut up at once. 1. ~ Johnny. It was of the Lords mercies that Jonah was not now consumed. and the Big Fish. I guess that's why they don't need cell phones! The word for belly in Hebrew is imprecise and does not necessarily mean stomach. Jonah may have been in the oral cavity of a large-mouthed whale. It is interesting to note that one of the most important gods of the kingdom that bordered the Mediterranean Sea was Dagon, the fish god. But in the end, he learned a valuable lesson about the Lord's mercy and forgiveness, which extends beyond Jonah and Israel to all people who repent and believe. Then, God said, "Jonah, go preach to the people of Nineveh. Happy travels! Fred Alberti, The Story of Jonah Told By The Cutest Little Girl, What does Jonah teach us about the character of God? The only way to know is find other documents, LOTS of other documents about Jonah or who wrote it, or a census/something similar. James Bartley never made another trip to the sea and settled down to shore life as a cobbler in his native city of Gloucester, England. Nineveh was the capital city of the Assyrian empire and the enemy of Israel. Call me gullible if you want, but I am naive enough to believe the literal Word of God, in that the Book of Jonah says he was swallowed by a whale or great fish and Jesus confirms it in Matthew 12:40. It is not good enough to pick and choose the parts of the Bible you wish you to apply and the parts you dont, nor is it good enough to fudge logic and tell people to believe things that dont stack up rationally. saw the Hebrew Old Testament translated into the Greek Old Testament, commonly called the Septuagint. Yet youre the same person who wrote Yes, I Believe the Entire Bible is Gods Inerrant Authoritative Word. Something doesnt jibe. Your email address will not be published. It had "great" ( gadl) sizelarge enough to swallow a whole man. Clearly this event was miraculous and not a naturalistic phenomenon. The other theory is that it is unnecessary to take it to be a (later) postexilic work or a critique of Ezra and Nehemiah. When you enter the land which the Lord your God gives you, you shall not learn to imitate the detestable things of those nations. 3. https://www.learnreligions.com/jonah-and-the-whale-700202 (accessed March 4, 2023). But God finds work for this leviathan, has prepared him, has numbered him (so the word is), has appointed him to be Jonahs receiver and deliverer. The tree gives him shade. Jonah And The Whale: God Won't Give Up On You. The men of Nineveh shall stand up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and behold, a greater than Jonah is here (Matthew 12:38-41). But God sent a great wind out onto the sea, and the ship felt like it was going to be broken apart! Jonah started from Joppa and headed west (Jonah 1:3), along the entire length of the Mediterranean, towards the coast of Spain. In the belly of the fish, Jonah finally descends as far as possible and hits (literal) rock bottom the bottom of the sea. Therefore, this makes him one of the iconic prophets in the old testament. Create a Jonah and the Whale Puzzle. (NLT), Jack Zavada is a writer who covers the Bible, theology, and other Christianity topics. Then, God had the big fish throw up Jonah . 5. The mariners cast lots and it landed on Jonah. I found a small mistake at the end of the quote of the seamans story: James Bartley -1870-1909 A Modem Jonah. Should be modern Jonah. 6. min. The whale sounded and eight hundred feet of heavy line streaked out of the line tub before he ended his dive. "Jonah and the Whale Bible Story Study Guide." Paste Jonah onto a clothes peg or eraser or small piece of crushed aluminum foil (or anything to give Jonah some weight). Jonah decided to run from God, and he found a ship that was going to Tarshish. The fish swallowed up Jonah, not to devour him, but to protect him. A serious storm develops (at the hands of God) and the crew feels compelled to cast lots. Freeze the ice cube fish. In the belly of the whale, Jonah repented and cried out to God in prayer. The 'Jonahs' run between the two 'dens' trying not to get caught, but if they are caught they become whales. 8. However, it is seen from the book of Jonah that even though he had sunk as low as he could by not agreeing to the instructions given to him by God, he was still forgiven. Jonah, that prophet that tried to run away from God, continues to bring us lessons on obedience, running away from God's commands, a hatred that stops one from sharing the Gospel, and many more. 3. 2. Jonah shows us that God's love is greater than our self-interest. No way in this case to determine whether Jonah or Joel was original or whether the authors of both were merely employing common language. var rs = this.readyState; if (rs) if (rs != 'complete') if (rs != 'loaded') return; In other words, Jonah caught more fish in his net than ever before . 7. As a mythological figure, she is most notable for bearing by Phorcys a host of monstrous children, collectively known as the Phorcydes. For three days Jonah sat in the belly of the fish. Leviticus 18:1-23 lists all sorts of sexual perversions, incest, homosexuality, bestiality and the like. Yes I do believe Jonah was swallowed by a fish, but the purpose of this article can be found in one of my closing questions: Is it important that a new Christian believes Jonah is historical fact? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Jonah was swallowed by the whale and spent three days and three nights in the deep. The primary theme of the story of Jonah and the Whale is that Gods love, grace, and compassion extend to everyone, even outsiders and oppressors. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Nothing else is known about Jonah except this experience and that he was the son of a man named Amittai who was also a prophet who came from a place named Gathhepher. The original Hebrew of Jonah 1:17 is dag gadl or fish, great but the Septuagint translation into Greek implied more of an unusual aspect to the creature; ktei megal from the root ketos. Jonahs spiritual and emotional immaturity is glaring through the end of Chapter 3 and all of Chapter 4 and the Lord must continue to teach him what compassion really means. Who went to find Jonah? Our aim is to share the Word and be true to it. Jonah , 1508-1512. Thousands of Vietnamese may come to the burial and mourn the whale's death as if it were a part of their family. Paul Tripp, Are You in the Belly of a Big Fish? var s = d.createElement(t), options = { The information is then expounded by scholars for better understanding. He then felt sharp stabbing pains as he was swept across the teeth and then slid feet first down a slimy tube that carried him to the whales stomach. God the makes the plant wither and asks him why he should not spare Nineveh which has six thousand people who cannot discern between their right hand and left hand. Jonah was one of only four writing prophets that Jesus mentioned by name during His earthly ministry (Isaiah, Daniel, and Zechariah were the others). It should be stated, however, that I found some of the science information very interesting (sperm whale gullets are big enough, the scientific foreshadowing commentary, dying sperm whales vomit up food, sperm whales and great white sharks are found in the Mediterranean Sea, etc). Plus, a great fish/large whale would not normally have been found in the eastern Mediterranean. While many dismiss the story as a work of fiction, Jesus referred to Jonah as a historical person in Matthew 12:3941. If a man were to survive in the oral cavity of any fish especially a sperm whale which dives. First, they tried rowing to shore, but the waves got even higher. If you find For three days, Jonah dwelt in the creatures belly, until he repented. It's not important whether it was a great fish or a whale that swallowed Jonah. The students cut and arranged the half pieces of pepperoni to . thus we have the greatest fish story of all time. In some cases it grows to be 40 feet long. I think we can get the cart before the horse when doing evangelism, creating a lot of prerequisites to someone being able to believe in Jesus.